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This title was first published in 2000: This text reports on the
findings of the Communities Crime Survey, a communities-based
survey carried out within Northern Ireland. The survey asked a
number of questions beyond the usual remit of local crime surveys,
in order to explore more fully a whole range of issues relating to
the experience of living in a society where more obvious
manifestations of conflict are beginning to recede and other more
mundane but still important issues relating to crime and policing
are coming to the fore. The book aims to go behind the headlines of
violence and political conflict to examine how people in a range of
communities in Northern Ireland experience a whole range of factors
relating to crime, policing and the general experience of living
within their particular communities. The process of change is far
from over in Northern Ireland, and this book indicates how some of
the central issues that must be resolved are perceived by a range
of ordinary people in various urban and rural communities, in
religiously segregated and integrated communities and those with
different levels of income and social infrastructure. The
experiences and attitudes gathered are important in understanding
how the process of change and development in this society might be
advanced, and what lessons might be offered to elsewhere. The
survey ultimately concludes that Northern Ireland is neither a
homogeneous entity nor a society that is simply divided on
religious and/or political grounds. Rather it is a society that is
divided by religion and politics, but also by a number of other
variables, including geography, gender, age, socio-economic class
and ethnic origin, all of which in part influence people's
experiences and attitudes towards crime and policing.
This title was first published in 2000: This text reports on the
findings of the Communities Crime Survey, a communities-based
survey carried out within Northern Ireland. The survey asked a
number of questions beyond the usual remit of local crime surveys,
in order to explore more fully a whole range of issues relating to
the experience of living in a society where more obvious
manifestations of conflict are beginning to recede and other more
mundane but still important issues relating to crime and policing
are coming to the fore. The book aims to go behind the headlines of
violence and political conflict to examine how people in a range of
communities in Northern Ireland experience a whole range of factors
relating to crime, policing and the general experience of living
within their particular communities. The process of change is far
from over in Northern Ireland, and this book indicates how some of
the central issues that must be resolved are perceived by a range
of ordinary people in various urban and rural communities, in
religiously segregated and integrated communities and those with
different levels of income and social infrastructure. The
experiences and attitudes gathered are important in understanding
how the process of change and development in this society might be
advanced, and what lessons might be offered to elsewhere. The
survey ultimately concludes that Northern Ireland is neither a
homogeneous entity nor a society that is simply divided on
religious and/or political grounds. Rather it is a society that is
divided by religion and politics, but also by a number of other
variables, including geography, gender, age, socio-economic class
and ethnic origin, all of which in part influence people's
experiences and attitudes towards crime and policing.
Scholars and practitioners working in 'transitional justice' are
concerned with remedies of accountability and redress in the
aftermath of conflict and state repression. Transitional justice,
it is argued, provides recognition of the rights of victims,
promotes civic trust, and strengthens the democratic rule of law.
As serious scholarship flourishes around this critical concept as
never before, this new collection from Routledge meets the need for
an authoritative reference work to map a vibrant site of research
and reflection. In four volumes, Transitional Justice is an
accessible database which brings together foundational and the best
and most influential cutting-edge materials, including key works
produced before the term 'transitional justice' gained wide
currency but which anticipate approaches now included under that
rubric. The collection covers themes such as: truth and history;
acknowledgement, reconciliation, and forgiveness; retribution,
restorative justice and reparations; and democracy, state-building,
identity, and civil society. Fully indexed and with a comprehensive
introduction, newly written by the editors, Transitional Justice is
an essential work of reference.
Countries undergoing or recovering from conflict and
authoritarianism often face profound rule of law challenges. The
law on the statute books may be repressive, judicial independence
may be compromised, and criminal justice agencies may be captured
by powerful interests. How do lawyers working within such settings
imagine the law? How do they understand their ethical obligations
towards their clients and the rule of law? What factors motivate
them to use their legal practice and social capital to challenge
repressive power? What challenges and risks can they face if they
do so? And when do lawyers facilitate or acquiesce to illegality
and injustice? Drawing on over 130 interviews from Cambodia, Chile,
Israel, Palestine, South Africa, and Tunisia, this book explores
the extent to which theoretical understandings within law and
society research on the motivations, strategies, tactics, and
experiences of lawyers within democratic states apply to these more
challenging environments.
Although relatively new as a distinct field of study, transitional
justice has become rapidly established as a vital field of enquiry.
From vaguely exotic origins on the outer edges of political
science, the study of 'justice' in times of transition has emerged
as a central concern of scholarship and practical policy-making. A
process of institutionalisation has confirmed this importance. The
ICTY, the ICTR, the ICC, hybrid tribunals in Sierra Leone and East
Timor and 'local' processes such as the Iraqi Higher Tribunal (IHT)
have energised international law and international criminal justice
scholarship. The South African TRC was for a time lauded as the
model for dealing with the past and remains one of the most
researched institutions in the world. It is one of approximately
two dozen such institutions established in different transitional
contexts over the past twenty years to assist conflicted societies
to come to terms with a violent past. At the national level,
international donors contribute huge sums of money to 'Rule of Law'
programmes designed to transform national justice systems. This
collection seeks to offer something quite different to the
mainstream of scholarship in this area, emphasising the need for
bespoke solutions to different transitions rather than 'off the
shelf' models. The collection is designed to offer a space for
diversity, prompted by a series of perspectives "from below" of
societies beset by past violent conflict which have sought to
effect their transition to justice. In doing so the contributors
have also sought to enrich discussion about the role of human
rights in transition, the continuing usefulness of perspectives
from above, and the still contested meanings of "transition".
This book provides the first detailed examination of the role
played by former loyalist and republican prisoners in grass roots
conflict transformation work in the Northern Ireland peace process.
It challenges the assumed passivity of former prisoners and
ex-combatants. Instead, it suggests that such individuals and the
groups which they formed have been key agents of conflict
transformation. They have provided leadership in challenging
cultures of violence, developed practical methods of resolving
inter-communal conflict and found ways for communities to explore
their troubled past. In analysing this, the authors challenge the
sterile demonisation of former prisoners and the processes that
maintain their exclusion from normal civic and social life. The
book is a constructive reminder of the need for full participation
of both former combatants and victims in post-conflict
transformation. It also lays out a new agenda for reconciliation
which suggests that conflict transformation can and should begin
'from the extremes'. The book will be of interest to students of
criminology, peace and conflict studies, law and politics,
geography and sociology as well as those with a particular interest
in the Northern Ireland conflict.
This book brings together many of the most prominent contemporary
national and international human rights and transitional justice
scholars in one collection. The book focuses in particular on the
intersection between judges, transitional processes and human
rights discourses. It brings together doctrinal, socio-legal and
criminological perspectives on a range of topics including the
judicial construction of national and supra-national constitutions,
the role of human rights discourses in transition from conflict,
and in a range of sites in more 'settled' societies. The book draws
upon comparative experiences in South Africa, Canada, the USA,
Britain, Ireland, the Balkans, the Weimar Republic, Northern
Ireland, the Republic of Ireland and elsewhere. It also situates
that analysis within supra-national and indeed subnational
frameworks.
This book brings together many of the most prominent contemporary
national and international human rights and transitional justice
scholars in one collection. The book focuses in particular on the
intersection between judges, transitional processes and human
rights discourses. It brings together doctrinal, socio-legal and
criminological perspectives on a range of topics including the
judicial construction of national and supra-national constitutions,
the role of human rights discourses in transition from conflict,
and in a range of sites in more 'settled' societies. The book draws
upon comparative experiences in South Africa, Canada, the USA,
Britain, Ireland, the Balkans, the Weimar Republic, Northern
Ireland, the Republic of Ireland and elsewhere. It also situates
that analysis within supra-national and indeed subnational
frameworks.
This book offers an analysis of paramilitary imprisonment in Northern Ireland, in particular the thirty year struggle concerning the prisoners' assertion of their political status. Based upon interviews with former prisoners and staff, this book locates that experience within the broader literature on imprisonment. Four forms of prisoner resistance are examined including dirty protest and hunger strike; violence, destruction, and intimidation; escape; and resorts to the law. In addition three models of prison management are developed including reactive containment, criminalization, and managerialism. Finally the book considers the release of paramilitary prisoners and its relevance to the conflict resolution process in Northern Ireland.
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